This Dr. Axe content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure factually accurate information.
With strict editorial sourcing guidelines, we only link to academic research institutions, reputable media sites and, when research is available, medically peer-reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses (1, 2, etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
The information in our articles is NOT intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional and is not intended as medical advice.
This article is based on scientific evidence, written by experts and fact checked by our trained editorial staff. Note that the numbers in parentheses (1, 2, etc.) are clickable links to medically peer-reviewed studies.
Our team includes licensed nutritionists and dietitians, certified health education specialists, as well as certified strength and conditioning specialists, personal trainers and corrective exercise specialists. Our team aims to be not only thorough with its research, but also objective and unbiased.
The information in our articles is NOT intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional and is not intended as medical advice.
September 30, 2024
Colostrum is often referred to as “nature’s first food” or “liquid gold” because it is the first form of milk produced by mammals, including humans, in the early days following childbirth.
This nutrient-rich, antibody-packed fluid plays a critical role in boosting the immune system and promoting gut health in newborns.
However, colostrum isn’t just for infants — it’s increasingly being used by adults as a supplement to support immune health, improve digestion and enhance athletic performance.
What exactly is colostrum, and how can it benefit your health? This article will dive in to the details of this supplement, its nutrition profile, health benefits and how to use it.
What Is Colostrum?
Colostrum is a form of milk produced by mammals during late pregnancy and the first few days after giving birth. It is thicker, yellowish and more nutrient-dense than regular milk.
It is packed with essential nutrients, including antibodies (immunoglobulins), growth factors and cytokines, that help strengthen the immune system and promote tissue repair.
While it is most commonly associated with infant nutrition, bovine colostrum (from cows) has become popular as a supplement for adults due to its health-boosting properties.
Bovine colostrum is almost identical to human colostrum but contains even higher levels of certain beneficial compounds, making it an attractive option for supplementation. Many supplements derived from bovine colostrum are available in powder, capsule or liquid form.
Nutrition Facts
Colostrum is a powerhouse of nutrients. Though its nutritional composition can vary depending on the source (human, bovine, etc.), common components include:
- Proteins: It is rich in bioactive proteins, including lactoferrin, which supports immune function, and casein, which promotes muscle recovery.
- Antibodies (Immunoglobulins): These proteins help the body fight infections. Bovine colostrum is particularly high in immunoglobulins G (IgG), A (IgA) and M (IgM).
- Growth Factors: It contains insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), which are important for tissue repair and muscle growth.
- Cytokines: These small proteins help modulate the immune response, reducing inflammation.
- Carbohydrates: It provides energy primarily through lactose, a natural sugar found in milk.
- Fats: Healthy fats in this liquid provide essential fatty acids and contribute to brain and cellular health.
- Vitamins and Minerals: It contains a wide array of micronutrients, including vitamin A, vitamin E, zinc, vitamin D, B complex, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, which support overall health.
Health Benefits
1. Boosts immune function
Colostrum is loaded with antibodies and immune-boosting factors that help the body fight off infections. Studies show that bovine colostrum can improve immunity, particularly in the gut, where it helps combat pathogens and bacteria.
In fact, a review published in 2024 in the journal Nutrients revealed that “bovine colostrum is an ingredient that has a positive effect on immunity in people of all ages.”
2. Supports gut health
The growth factors and immunoglobulins in colostrum promote gut health by helping restore the intestinal lining. It helps stimulate the growth of intestinal cells, strengthen the gut wall and prevent intestinal permeability.
This makes it beneficial for individuals suffering from conditions like leaky gut syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or diarrhea caused by infection.
For instance, research published in 2017 found that oral supplementation with bovine colostrum decreased intestinal permeability and stool concentrations of zonulin, “a protein that modulates the permeability of narrow junctions between the cells of the digestive tract wall and is considered an important biomarker used to assess impaired gut barrier function,” in athletes.
Another study found that patients with IBS who took colostrum had a slightly higher rate of symptom relief compared to a placebo. It’s also been found to effectively treat infectious diarrhea in several studies.
3. Enhances athletic performance and muscle recovery
Athletes often use colostrum supplements to improve muscle recovery and enhance performance. The growth factors it contains, particularly IGF-1, help repair muscle tissue and boost stamina, as shown in soccer players.
Research indicates that colostrum can reduce muscle damage and improve recovery after intense exercise, including in football players.
4. May aid in weight management
Colostrum’s ability to promote lean muscle growth and regulate the gut microbiome can play a role in weight management. Although research is limited, some studies suggest that it may help support fat metabolism and maintain a healthy body composition.
5. Promotes skin health
The growth factors and vitamins in colostrum can promote skin repair and reduce signs of aging. Its high levels of antioxidants also help protect the skin from oxidative stress, which can lead to premature aging.
A 2021 study published in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology examined the “the protective effect that liposomal bovine colostrum exerts on skin aging using telomere length as an aging biomarker.” The researchers concluded that “topical treatment of the liposomal bovine colostrum formulation would enhance skin health as the skin ages.”
6. Supports respiratory health
Bovine colostrum has been shown to reduce the incidence of upper respiratory infections, particularly in athletes who are prone to these conditions due to intense physical exertion. Its immune-modulating properties help protect against common respiratory pathogens.
Supplements and Dosage
Colostrum supplements are most commonly derived from cows (bovine colostrum) and come in several forms, including powder, capsules, tablets and liquid.
While there’s no standardized dosage, most studies have used 20–60 grams of bovine colostrum per day. It’s best to start with a lower dose and gradually increase as tolerated.
The most effective dosage can vary based on the intended health benefits, but typical recommendations are as follows:
- General Immune Support: 500–1000 mg per day.
- Athletic Performance: 10–20 grams of colostrum powder per day.
- Gut Health: 1–2 grams per day, depending on the severity of the condition.
When using colostrum powder, it can be mixed into water, smoothies, other beverages or soft foods for easy consumption. Capsules and tablets should be taken with water.
For maximum absorption, it’s often recommended to take it on an empty stomach.
It’s important to follow the dosage instructions on the specific product you’re using, as concentrations may vary.
Risks and Side Effects
Bovine colostrum is generally considered safe for most people. However, some potential side effects may include:
- Nausea
- Bloating
- Flatulence
While it is generally considered safe for most people, it is essential to be aware of potential risks:
- Allergic Reactions: Individuals who are allergic to dairy or lactose intolerant may experience allergic reactions or digestive issues, like bloating, gas or diarrhea, when consuming it.
- Interactions with Medications: It could interact with certain medications, such as immunosuppressants. Consult your healthcare provider if you’re on any medications before adding colostrum supplements to your routine.
- Contamination Risks: Poor-quality supplements may be contaminated with pathogens or heavy metals, so it’s essential to purchase from reputable brands that conduct third-party testing.
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare providers before taking colostrum supplements to ensure safety for themselves and their baby.
Conclusion
- Colostrum is a nutrient-packed, immune-boosting powerhouse that has benefits for both newborns and adults.
- From enhancing gut health to improving athletic performance, colostrum supplements offer a wide range of health advantages.
- However, as with any supplement, it’s crucial to choose high-quality products and follow recommended dosage guidelines.
- Always consult a healthcare professional before incorporating colostrum into your health regimen, especially if you have allergies or underlying health conditions.
